Selected Cervical Pathologies, Dysfunctions, and Treatments 1 Practice Test

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• ________ may cause difficulties and restrictions w/ employment, leisure activities, domestic and personal care that may lead to financial and psychological issues
• Which imaging modality best visualizes spinal cord compression and soft tissue in suspected cervical myelopathy?
• Which population is most commonly affected by arterial TOS?
• Which symptom set is associated with nocturnal paresthesias that may wake the patient?
• WAD injuries involve nociceptors and mechanoreceptors in which structures?
• Which type of receptor is most numerous in the cervical spine and connects to vestibular, visual, and postural control systems?
• Which statement about initial physical therapy management for TOS is true?
• Postoperative guideline regarding overhead activities is to avoid for how long?
• What is the normal upper limit for the atlas-dens interval (ADI) in adults?
• Which element of WAD management focuses on postural awareness and avoiding compensations?
• Which of the following best describes the Bakody sign?
• Which domain includes decreased activity of deep neck flexors and delayed activation of deep and superficial neck muscles?
• An odontoid fracture involves a fracture of which cervical structure?
• Spurling's test is used to diagnose which condition?
• In sensory findings, which is more characteristic of radiculopathy than peripheral neuropathy?
• PTSD and/or driving anxiety can occur post ____________
• What is the purpose of the gaze stability test in cervical proprioception assessment?
• Which option accurately links to the degenerative changes in the cervical spine?
• Which WAD level is defined by neck sx and fx or dislocation?
• Altered afferent input from the cervical spine is associated with impairment on which test?
• Which condition describes separation of the odontoid process leading to atlantoaxial instability?
• If a patient has radiculopathy related to a C7 nerve root, which distribution is likely affected?
• The highest severity level in the Quebec Task Force WAD classification includes
• Which statement best distinguishes cervical radiculopathy from neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome?
• No physical signs except neck pain, stiffness, or tenderness corresponds to which Quebec Task Force grade?
• Which condition should be ruled out based on signs such as refusing to move the neck, UMN signs, intermittent LOC, weak and painful neck muscles, and marked muscle spasm?
• Onset of whiplash symptoms is typically within which timeframe?
• Which breathing technique is emphasized in conservative management for thoracic outlet syndrome?
• Which planes are used in the smooth pursuit neck torsion test when following the moving target?
• Which muscles are noted as having impaired relaxation in neck muscle dysfunction?
• When should exercise be modified after TOS surgery according to postoperative precautions?
• Imaging and diagnostic tests used for TOS include which of the following?
• Which modality is used to assess blood flow during TOS evaluation, particularly venous/arterial obstruction?
• Which clinical sign is typically associated with cervical myelopathy?
• Which cervical vertebra forms a ring around the odontoid process and supports the skull?
• What is the typical management consideration for a patient with cervical spondylotic myelopathy and mild gait impairment without progression?
• WAD injuries diagnosed by anesthetic block under fluoroscopic guidance are most closely associated with pain originating from which structure?
• Which imaging modality is best to evaluate soft tissue and spinal cord compression in suspected cervical myelopathy?
• Which nerve root corresponds to sensation in the lateral forearm and thumb?
• Which description best fits peripheral neuropathy?
• Which factor is NOT associated with worse WAD outcomes?
• Laminoplasty is a posterior decompression technique that expands the lamina to decompress the spinal canal while preserving which structures?
• Whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) injuries are described as involving the intervertebral disc (IVD). Which structure is most commonly implicated according to the material?
• During the saccadic eye movement test, patients may report which symptoms?
• What is the name of the test that evaluates the ability to maintain gaze on a stationary object while the head is moved through neck flexion, extension, rotation, and side bending?
• Which scenario is most consistent with peripheral neuropathy?
• A C7 radiculopathy commonly presents with sensory changes in which digit?
• In pt w/ WAD, which factor is associated with worse delayed outcomes?
• Which borders form the interscalene triangle?
• The usual criterion for considering surgical intervention in cervical spondylotic myelopathy is based on what?
• How does forward head posture influence cervical spine loading?
• Poor what results in impaired joint movement control and repeated microtrauma?
• In thoracic outlet syndrome, arterial type involves compromise of which structure?
• The saccadic eye movement test involves the patient tracking targets in which planes?
• _________________ sx can become apparent 6 wks post WAD
• What nerve root is commonly affected by a C7-disc herniation?
• Discogenic neck pain often centralizes with which movement?
• Herniated nucleus pulposus is described as rare in whiplash injuries. Which statement is true?
• Which post-surgical complication is important to monitor after ACDF?
• Which mechanism leads to nociceptive pathways being more easily triggered?
• A painless low-load exercise program focusing on speed of activation and endurance followed by progression to functional activity is a treatment for which domain?
• Central myelopathy in the setting of canal stenosis commonly presents with which manifestation?
• What does a positive Bakody sign indicate?
• Which Quebec Task Force WAD level is defined by neck pain with musculoskeletal signs such as decreased ROM and point tenderness?
• Which statement describes a Jefferson fracture?
• For multilevel cervical myelopathy with posterior compression, which decompression procedure is commonly used?
• Sensory loss confined to a single nerve distribution is most consistent with which condition?
• What is the typical prognosis for isolated cervical radiculopathy treated nonoperatively?
• Mood disorder after one year is __________ that expected in the general population
• Which diagnostic approach helps differentiate thoracic outlet syndrome from cervical radiculopathy?
• In evaluating for atlantoaxial instability, which imaging approach is most informative?
• What is the most common level for cervical disc disease causing radiculopathy involving the C7 nerve root?
• Which space is not typically involved in TOS etiologies?
• Which of the following statements about the distraction test is correct?
• Which approach is associated with enhanced pain reduction and shorter disability with post-injury rehabilitation?
• Expansion of receptive fields is a feature of which sensitization process?
• Which training involves using a laser pointer on a headband to guide cervical joint positioning?
• Smooth pursuit neck torsion test is associated with which type of impairments in whiplash patients?
• Which term describes the distance between the atlas and axis used to assess instability at the craniovertebral junction?
• Pt may have normal behavioral profiles early after their WAD but as the _________________ they develop psychological sequelae
• Name two nonoperative modalities commonly used for cervical radiculopathy beyond medications and physical therapy.
• A common musculoskeletal sign observed in whiplash is which of the following?
• What dermatomal distribution is associated with C7 nerve root pain?
• WAD is an acronym for which neck injury condition?
• When neck pain persists without neurological deficits, what is a common nonoperative diagnosis?
• Hangman fracture involves fracture of which part of C2 with anterior displacement of C2?
• Peripheral neuropathy is best described as
• In a patient with suspected cervical myelopathy, what gait abnormality is commonly observed?
• Postoperative instruction includes not to 'push through' which symptom?
• Arterial thoracic outlet syndrome involves compromise of which structure?
• What is a common postoperative rehabilitation focus after ACDF?
• Which imaging modality is most sensitive for detecting vertebral osteomyelitis or epidural abscess?
• Which statement aligns with peripheral neuropathy?
• In inflammatory diseases that cause atlantoaxial instability, laxity of which ligament contributes?
• Which type of thoracic outlet syndrome is most common?
• The presence of UMN signs, intermittent LOC, or neck pain with r/o dens fx indicates which category?
• Which tests help differentiate discogenic pain from facet-mediated pain in the neck?
• What are typical features of cervical spondylotic myelopathy?
• Manual therapy in WAD rehab is used to address which impairments?
• What is the initial imaging modality for suspected cervical infection?
• WAD injuries can involve CNS and PNS manifestations. Which option best represents these CNS/PNS-related signs listed in the material?
• In WAD assessment, radiographs may not be diagnostic and diagnosis can be confirmed with an anesthetic block under fluoroscopic guidance. Is this statement true?
• C7 nerve root pain is typically associated with weakness of which muscle group?
• Which symptom is most characteristic of arterial thoracic outlet syndrome?
• Which pattern most strongly indicates a peripheral neuropathy?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of deep neck flexor and extensor endurance training in WAD rehab?
• A positive result on the saccadic eye movement test includes which of the following?
• Which statement describes the endurance-focused strengthening approach in TOS physical therapy?
• What exam finding differentiates cervical myelopathy from radiculopathy?
• How do central canal stenosis and foraminal stenosis differ in symptomatology?
• Radiculopathy commonly shows involvement of reflexes at the affected level.
• To rule out a fracture of the dens, which X-ray view must be performed?
• Which pattern would you expect with cervical radiculopathy?
• Open-mouth radiographs are used to evaluate which structure?
• Which finding is most characteristic of radiculopathy?
• Which imaging feature is typical of degenerative cervical spine changes?
• Which statement is true about the origin of cervical spine metastasis?
• Which set of impairments includes balance, eye movement control, proprioception and dizziness?
• Which level is the most common source of cervical radiculopathy due to degenerative changes?
• The Costoclavicular triangle is bounded by which structures?
• What is the role of traction in cervical spine management?
• Name two red flag symptoms that require urgent evaluation of neck pain.
• What cord feature on MRI is commonly seen in cervical myelopathy?
• Which exercise is recommended early in WAD rehabilitation?
• Whiplash injuries after hyperextension may heal poorly with symptoms that persist for years after injury. Which statement reflects this?
• Which scenario would suggest radiculopathy rather than peripheral neuropathy?
• Impaired smooth-pursuit and/or saccades after whiplash are prognostic for persistent disability at how many months?
• Which maneuver specifically provokes symptoms by compressing the space between the clavicle and first rib?
• What is the purpose of the distraction test in cervical evaluation?
• Which intervention is used for diagnostic and therapeutic management of facet-mediated neck pain?
• Which feature reflects sensitized peripheral nociceptors?
• Which combination of findings best characterizes cervical spondylotic myelopathy?
• Which radiographic sign supports the diagnosis of atlantoaxial instability in rheumatoid arthritis?
• Which adjunct technique is listed as part of the conservative TOS treatment?
• Which component is part of vestibular/oculomotor training in WAD rehab?
• What dermatomal distribution is associated with C6 nerve root pain?
• What is the primary short- to mid-term benefit of cervical epidural steroid injections in cervical radiculopathy?
• In the smooth pursuit neck torsion test, what position is the head in when the patient begins tracking a target?
• Which muscle is NOT listed as a target for lengthening in TOS physical therapy?
• In the smooth pursuit neck torsion test, the target is moved through how many degrees to each side of the midline?
• Rupture of which ligaments may be encountered in WAD injuries?
• Central and peripheral sensitization can cause which type of sensitization related to pressure and stretch?
• Which statement about whiplash imaging is true?
• Which muscle lengthening targets are included in thoracic outlet syndrome physical therapy?
• Which of the following is listed as a symptom in WAD signs and symptoms?
• Coup injuries occur when the brain strikes the skull on which side relative to the impact?
• In WAD management, which category includes findings such as rapidly progressing neurologic symptoms, suspected cerebrovascular events, spinal infection, cancer, or fracture (WAD grade IV)?
• What does neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome primarily involve?
• What sign on exam indicates an upper motor neuron lesion in the upper limb?
• Countercoup injuries refer to brain striking skull on which side?
• Which test is NOT a standard provocative maneuver for TOS evaluation?
• Which finding reflects the release phenomenon in TOS, often more noticeable at night?
• Which two tests have the highest sensitivity for non-traumatic (NTOS) and vascular (VTOS) thoracic outlet syndrome?
• Why are smooth-pursuit and/or saccadic eye movements assessed after a whiplash injury?
• Immediate onset of symptoms after whiplash is associated with what clinical consideration, often prompting imaging to rule out fracture?
• Altered sensory processing can be assessed with which method?
• What is the main purpose of cervical disc arthroplasty?
• In the gaze stability test, a positive result is indicated by which finding?
• When is a posterior foraminotomy indicated in cervical radiculopathy?
• Which WAD level includes neck symptoms with neurological signs such as decreased or absent DTR, weakness, and sensory deficits?
• Which condition has altered sensory processing, altered motor performance, and altered NM control?
• Which term denotes psychosocial factors that may affect recovery in WAD?
• Postoperative lifting restriction after TOS surgery is what?
• In distinguishing cervical radiculopathy from a peripheral nerve lesion in the upper limb, which pattern is most characteristic of radiculopathy?
• Which of the following is considered a precaution in WAD management?
• Which description best reflects thoracic outlet syndrome in terms of symptoms?
• Social and psych complication post WAD are _______________.
• For single-level cervical radiculopathy due to a herniated disc, what is the common surgical solution?
• What is the role of imaging in whiplash injuries?
• How can imaging help distinguish metastasis from degenerative changes in the cervical spine?
• Which test is commonly used to evaluate nerve function with TOS and is part of diagnostic workup?
• What percentage of patients are unable to drive after 3 months post-MVA?
• Which provocative test involves placing the arm at 90 degrees of abduction with external rotation to provoke symptoms?
• In assessing the extent of a WAD injury, which factor is considered?
• Which fiber-type shift reduces endurance in neck muscles?
• Cervical mechanoreceptors influence which of the following functions?
• Whiplash-associated disorders are associated with which factor at the moment of impact?
• Which finding would most strongly suggest radiculopathy over peripheral neuropathy?
• For 2-3 days after injury, which management approach is recommended in WAD?
• Which of the following is a surgical option for thoracic outlet syndrome?
• Which mobilization categories are included in the physical therapy plan to decompress the thoracic outlet?
• After TOS surgery, which action should you take if swelling increases or persists?
• Normal which of the following functions is predictive of full recovery or minor disability in WAD?
• If eye movements are normal in a WAD assessment, the prognosis is most likely to be what?
• Which of the following is a direct goal of thoracic outlet decompression physical therapy?
• What is the most common origin of cervical spine metastasis in adults?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a potential CNS/PNS involvement in WAD symptoms?
• WAD injuries to ligaments and joint capsules primarily involve which structures?
• Cervical spine mechanoreceptors connect to which types of control systems?
• What is the initial nonoperative management for uncomplicated cervical radiculopathy?
• What is a key contraindication to performing manual cervical traction?
• In whiplash-related intervertebral disc injury, annular tears involve which part of the disc?
• Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of postoperative rehabilitation after ACDF?
• Central and peripheral sensitization can cause which type of sensitization related to pressure/stretch?
• Atlas-dens interval instability: what measurement indicates instability?
• Which sensitization can only cause sensitization to heat?
• What is the typical radiographic appearance of cervical spondylosis?
• Which statement about differentiating thoracic outlet syndrome from cervical radiculopathy using provocative tests is accurate?
• Which anatomical region forms the most common etiology of thoracic outlet syndrome?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a sign or symptom of whiplash in the material?
• WAD injury to the cervical mm-tendon unit involves injury to which tissue type?
• Which technique targets neural tissue mobility in TOS physical therapy?
• What is the purpose of a posterior cervical fusion?
• Associated w/ delayed or sig _____________ outcomes
• Which feature is described as part of neck pain?
• A Jefferson fracture is a burst fracture of which cervical vertebra?